[Certification] CLF-C02: AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner - Part 3 - AWS Global Infrastructure

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Heya!

Let's continue next with AWS Global Infrastructure.

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Definition:

AWS Global Infrastructure is an extensive network of data centers and availability zones operated by Amazon Web Services (AWS) worldwide, providing scalable and reliable cloud computing services to customers across the globe.

It consists of,

• Lauched Regions - 33 as of Apr 2024
• Availability Zones - 105 as of Apr 2024
• Edge Locations - 600+ as of Apr 2024
• Wavelength Zones - 30+ as of Apr 2024
• Local Zones - 35+ as of Apr 2024
• Direct Connection Locations - 115+ as of Apr 2024
• Points of Presence - 600+ as of Apr 2024

More details: https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/

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Definition:

Region: A Region is a physical location around the world where AWS has cluster data centers.
Availability Zone: Each group of logical data centers is called an Availability Zone.


List of AWS Regions:

Region	Names of Regions
Africa	- Cape Town, South Africa (af-south-1) - Johannesburg, South Africa (af-south-2)
Asia Pacific	- Beijing, China (cn-north-1) - Hong Kong, China (ap-east-1) - Mumbai, India (ap-south-1) - Seoul, South Korea (ap-northeast-2) - Singapore (ap-southeast-1) - Sydney, Australia (ap-southeast-2) - Tokyo, Japan (ap-northeast-1) - Mumbai, India (ap-south-2)
Europe	- Frankfurt, Germany (eu-central-1) - Ireland (eu-west-1) - London, UK (eu-west-2) - Paris, France (eu-west-3) - Stockholm, Sweden (eu-north-1)
Middle East	- Bahrain (me-south-1) - Dubai, UAE (me-central-1)
North America	- N. Virginia, USA (us-east-1) - Ohio, USA (us-east-2) - N. California, USA (us-west-1) - Oregon, USA (us-west-2) - Northern Virginia, USA (us-east-4)
South America	- São Paulo, Brazil (sa-east-1) - Santiago, Chile (sa-east-2)
China	- Beijing, China (cn-north-1) - Nanjing, China (cn-northwest-1)
AWS GovCloud	- US GovCloud (US West) (us-gov-west-1) - US GovCloud (US East) (us-gov-east-1)

List of AWS AZs (not an extensive list)

Region	Availability Zone	Location
US East (N. Virginia)	- us-east-1a | Ashburn, VA - us-east-1b | Ashburn, VA - us-east-1c | Ashburn, VA - us-east-1d | Ashburn, VA - us-east-1e | Ashburn, VA - us-east-1f | Ashburn, VA	Ashburn, VA
US East (Ohio)	- us-east-2a | Columbus, OH - us-east-2b | Columbus, OH - us-east-2c | Columbus, OH	Columbus, OH
US West (Oregon)	- us-west-2a | Portland, OR - us-west-2b | Portland, OR - us-west-2c | Portland, OR - us-west-2d | Portland, OR	Portland, OR
US West (California)	- us-west-1a | San Francisco, CA - us-west-1b | San Francisco, CA - us-west-1c | San Francisco, CA	San Francisco, CA
Canada (Central)	- ca-central-1a | Toronto, ON - ca-central-1b | Toronto, ON - ca-central-1d | Montreal, QC	Toronto, ON and Montreal, QC
EU (Frankfurt)	- eu-central-1a | Frankfurt, DE - eu-central-1b | Frankfurt, DE - eu-central-1c | Frankfurt, DE	Frankfurt, DE
EU (Ireland)	- eu-west-1a | Dublin, IE - eu-west-1b | Dublin, IE - eu-west-1c | Dublin, IE	Dublin, IE
EU (London)	- eu-west-2a | London, UK - eu-west-2b | London, UK - eu-west-2c | London, UK	London, UK
EU (Paris)	- eu-west-3a | Paris, FR - eu-west-3b | Paris, FR - eu-west-3c | Paris, FR	Paris, FR
Asia Pacific (Tokyo)	- ap-northeast-1a | Tokyo, JP - ap-northeast-1b | Tokyo, JP - ap-northeast-1c | Tokyo, JP - ap-northeast-1d | Tokyo, JP	Tokyo, JP
Asia Pacific (Seoul)	- ap-northeast-2a | Seoul, KR - ap-northeast-2b | Seoul, KR - ap-northeast-2c | Seoul, KR - ap-northeast-2d | Seoul, KR	Seoul, KR
Asia Pacific (Singapore)	- ap-southeast-1a | Singapore, SG - ap-southeast-1b | Singapore, SG - ap-southeast-1c | Singapore, SG	Singapore, SG
Asia Pacific (Sydney)	- ap-southeast-2a | Sydney, AU - ap-southeast-2b | Sydney, AU - ap-southeast-2c | Sydney, AU	Sydney, AU
South America (São Paulo)	- sa-east-1a | São Paulo, BR - sa-east-1b | São Paulo, BR - sa-east-1c | São Paulo, BR	São Paulo, BR
Middle East (Bahrain)	- me-south-1a | Manama, BH - me-south-1b | Manama, BH - me-south-1c | Manama, BH	Manama, BH
Africa (Cape Town)	- af-south-1a | Cape Town, ZA - af-south-1b | Cape Town, ZA - af-south-1c | Cape Town, ZA	Cape Town, ZA

Some points to remember:

• Each AWS Region consists of a minimum of three, isolated, and physically separate AZs within a geographic area.
• Each AZ has independent power, cooling, and physical security and is connected via redundant, ultra-low-latency networks.
• AWS infrastructure Regions meet the highest levels of security, compliance, and data protection.

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Definition: In AWS, Edge Locations are data centers located closer to users, which store cached copies of frequently accessed content, such as videos, images, and websites.

This reduces latency and improves the user experience by reducing the distance between the user and the content.

Note: Edge Locations are part of Amazon CloudFront, a content delivery network (CDN) service.

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Wavelength Zones: AWS Wavelength is a set of edge locations that bring AWS services to the edge of the 5G network.

These zones are located at the edge of the 5G network, closer to the user, to reduce latency and improve the performance of applications that require low-latency, high-bandwidth connectivity.

Wavelength Zones are designed to support the development of 5G-based applications, such as autonomous vehicles, smart cities, and more.





Local Zones: AWS Local Zones are edge locations that provide a subset of AWS services, including compute, storage, and database services, closer to the user.

These zones are designed to support applications that require low-latency access to AWS services, such as gaming, video streaming, and real-time analytics.

Local Zones are typically located in metropolitan areas and are designed to provide a faster and more responsive experience for users.





Difference between Wavelength Zones and Local Zones
Wavelength Zones focus on 5G-based applications, while Local Zones are focus on providing a faster and more responsive experience for a broader range of applications.

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Definition: AWS Direct Connect Locations are edge locations that provide a dedicated network connection to AWS. These locations are designed to provide a high-bandwidth, low-latency connection to AWS services, ideal for applications that require high-speed data transfer, such as data analytics, machine learning, and cloud-based applications.


Direct Connect Locations are typically located in major metropolitan areas and are designed to provide a secure, dedicated connection to AWS.

These locations offer a range of benefits, including:
- High-bandwidth connections (up to 10 Gbps)
- Low latency (as low as 1 ms)
- Dedicated network connections
- Secure connections (encrypted and authenticated)
- Scalable connections (up to 10 Gbps)

Direct Connect Locations are ideal for organizations that require high-speed, low-latency connections to AWS services, such as:
- Data-intensive applications (e.g., data analytics, machine learning)
- Cloud-based applications (e.g., SaaS, IaaS)
- High-performance computing (HPC) applications
- Real-time data processing applications

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Definition: AWS Points of Presence (PoPs) are edge locations that provide a subset of AWS services, including compute, storage, and database services, closer to the user. These locations are designed to provide a faster and more responsive experience for users, especially for applications that require low latency and high availability.

PoPs are typically located in major metropolitan areas and are designed to provide a scalable and flexible infrastructure for a wide range of applications, including:

-Web and mobile applications
-Gaming and video streaming
-Real-time analytics and monitoring
-IoT and edge computing
-Cloud-based applications


PoPs offer a range of benefits, including:
-Low latency (as low as 1 ms)
-High availability (99.99% uptime)
-Scalable infrastructure
-Secure connections (encrypted and authenticated)
-Support for a wide range of applications and use cases